Sclerotherapy is a treatment that involves injecting solution into the unwanted spider veins. The unwanted vessels are red or bluish in colour and are a common problem, particularly for women. Sclerotherapy is not just a cosmetic procedure. Other health issues may arise, such as blood clots, venous eczema, skin breakdown and rarely skin cancer.
The cause of spider veins is not known. However, in many cases, they run in families. Women seem to develop the problem more often than men. This may be due to taking the contraceptive pill or hormone replacement therapy, or due to puberty, pregnancy and menopause. Other factors that contribute are standing for long periods of time, lack of exercise and obesity.
The solution, which is injected into the vein, is called a sclerosant. It causes the veins to close by irritating the blood vessel so that it swells and sticks together. This process causes the veins to fade and eventually they can no longer be seen. Some vessels will have vanished by the time the stockings have been put on. Every vein may require several injections, given some weeks apart. Multiple veins can be injected in one treatment session.
The injection uses a fine needle that causes a barely noticeable pinprick feeling. Some people experience a slight to moderate burning sensation immediately after the injection, but this disappears after a few seconds.
To improve the blood circulation, it is essential to walk after the treatment, and compression stocking is worn to reduce the risk of bruising and swelling. This should be used to reduce any possible side effects.
Early treatment prevents veins worsening and expensive treatment being required at a later stage.
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